Ap Art History Indigious Africas Quizlet Form Function Content Context

http://media.web.britannica.com/eb-media/41/106741-004-E0EE8460.jpg https://simpleandinteresting.files.wordpress.com/2012/08/colosseum.jpg?westward=645	Grade: "amphitheater" two Greek theaters put together (facing each other) to create the oval-shaped amphitheater (stadium) Inner ring fabricated from concrete required less skill, time, and money to quarry, send, and build with concrete Romans were the starting time to master and employ the widespread employ of concrete equally a building material Outer ring (external wall) made from travertine (a limestone) Extensive use of vaults and the Roman arch could concord 50,000 to eighty,000 spectators Dimensions: covered an area of 6 acres 50 meters high (187 feet) equivalent to a 12 story edifice 189 meters (615 feet) long 156 meters (510 feet) wide outer circumference of 545 meters (1,788 anxiety) the center loonshit measured 287' (anxiety long) past 180' (feet broad) construction began in seventy CE, lasted until eighty CE (completed in x years) very impressive feat because its massive size and the fact that everything was constructed and transported individually, by hand. no modern machinery!
http://res.cloudinary.com/dk-observe-out/image/upload/q_80,w_1440/187527_Colosseum_RT_ke2eim.jpg http://www.crystalinks.com/Colosseum_Rome.jpg https://due south-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/736x/28/3d/5d/283d5d2c64ce3e99077ff6effafe76a3.jpg	Content: massive, ellipse/oval-shaped band 4 master levels (can be thought of as registers!) levels 1-3 had evenly-spaced, arched windows effectually the entire circumference of the amphitheater level 4 had a solid exterior wall, no windows this, being the highest section of seating, would exist where the lower classes would sit (slaves, foreigners, women) at that place would have been statuary figures in each window arch on levels ii and 3, but not on level 1, because those arches served equally doors that people would walk through to enter the amphitheater to a higher place the 4th level, the upper rim of the colosseum was lined with bronze shields/spears a glorious, dramatic, and impressive-looking decoration could be considered a 5th 'register'? nevertheless, not a separate flooring of seating, but an independent annals in the visual sense flat stage filled with sand in centre sand was to blot blood and other bodily fluids from the fighting seats angled upwards from the stage in every direction (shallow funnel) the "hypogeum" the underground function of the Colosseum, which included animal pens, trapdoors, and a network of tunnels, was chosen the 'hypogeum' co-ordinate to tribunesandtriumphs.org , "The hypogeum consisted of two-level subterranean network of tunnels and 32 animal pens. At that place were 80 vertical shafts provided instant access to the arena for animals and scenery. Big hinged platforms, called hegmata provided access for large animals" the "velarium" a retractable awning that would comprehend the arena to provide shade for spectators Iii different orders of columns are used to back up the arches Level 1 = Tuscan (similar to Doric, but even more simplistic, and specific to ancient Rome) Level 2 = Ionic Level 3 = Corinthian columns are sturdier, more bones at the bottom become more fragile, ornate to a higher place associated with femininity? women sat in the highest level of seating
https://environmentalgeography.files.wordpress.com/2014/09/097.jpg	Function: Public Entertainment (similar function as sports stadium) Romans came to watch gladiator fights, wild animal fights, mock naval battles, etc. violence and gore were popular sources of entertainment in aboriginal Rome
https://blenderartists.org/forum/attachment.php?attachmentid=163985&d=1324215638 https://farm6.staticflickr.com/5037/5833318084_a6cb4956d2_b.jpg http://world wide web.romeinsiderguide.com/images/test-proper name-colosseum.jpg	Context: Original proper name was Flavian Amphitheater named later the family/dynasty who paid for its construction Emperor Vespasian (r. 69-79 CE) was the commencement Emperor of the Flavian Dynasty "Colosseum" is only a nickname given afterward (in the Middle Ages?), considering of the amphitheater's proximity to a colossal statue of the dominicus god. Vespasian built the amphitheater as a souvenir to the people of Rome, to win their favor dorsum after the greedy, insane, unpopular Nero (previous Roman Emperor before Vespasian) Concept of Urban Planning unlike Greeks, who shaped their cities around the geography, Romans fabricated the landscape work for them more aggressive builders ability of man over nature besides necessitated better engineering concrete! arches! their used to be a lake where the Flavian Amphitheater was built drained the lake considering they wanted a edifice there much more similar to how we (in western, urban cities) approach urban planning now Focus on interior infinite shift from ancient Greek focus on exterior space best example is the Pergamon Roman Social Condition/Citizenship Discrimination was not based on colour of skin, but on citizenship If you lot were a Roman citizen, race didn't thing Rome was a very multi-ethnic empire If y'all were not a denizen (woman, slave, etc), y'all were virtually cipher Within the population of citizens, there were tiers to that hierarchy also social mobility was hard, but less and so than in Ancient Greece people were seated in the amphitheater according to status upper-class patricians were seated closest to the phase, those of the lower class were seated farther upwardly, and women, slaves, and foreigners were the uttermost away from the action ("cheap seats" at the very tiptop) Reflects Roman Guild, Field of study, and Power POWs, slaves, and non-citizens (not women) could win their freedom/citizenship past condign gladiators and fighting to victory This was such a dangerous hazard that it often resulted in the gladiator'due south death before earning that freedom. Unlike from Aboriginal Hellenic republic, where it was virtually unheard of for someone to get a citizen citizenship rules in Roman Empire were similar to America'southward immigration/citizenship rules takes a long time and is difficult, but commonly the 2d generation can earn citizenship if born in the Empire
	Cultural Comparison: progression from Greek theaters -> amphitheater -> modern stadium